Uruguay booked their fourth consecutive appearance, and 12th in total, with a 1-0 win over bottom side Ecuador.
A lone strike from Nicolas Lopez after just five minutes proved enough to separate the sides.
Chile held off Peru in a winner-takes-all contest to secure their sixth appearance on the world stage, but the first since Canada 2007 where they finished third.
Edison Flores gave Peru an early lead and put them on track for qualification, but Bryan Rabello equalised with 11 minutes of the first half remaining, with the goal denying the Peruvians a first ever qualification for the FIFA U-20 World Cup.
Colombia defeated Paraguay 2-1 in the final match of the tournament to become South American U-20 champions for the third time, however this is the first time they have achieved the feat on foreign soil.
Goals in each half from Juan Quintero and Jherson Vergara had Colombia in cruise control, before Jorge Rojas pulled one back with a minute remaining to set up a tense finish.
Continental elite Brazil and Argentina both suffered surprise exits in the previous stage of qualifying.
The CONEMBOL sides join AFC quartet Australia, Korea Republic, Iraq and Uzbekistan as well as the six qualifiers from UEFA, Croatia, France, Portugal, England, Greec e and Spain.
CONCACAF will be the next confederation to get their qualifying tournament underway with the U-20 Championship taking place in Mexico from February 17 to March 1, with the top four teams set to book their berths in Turkey.
Oceania qualifying will take place in Lautoka, Fiji from March 17-20 with five teams – Fiji, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu – set to battle it out with the victor going on to the World Cup.
The FIFA U-20 World Cup Turkey 2013 will run from June 21 to July 13.
Story courtesy of FIFA.com.
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